Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

CBSE Class 12 Biology · every board question from this chapter, 2022–2026 · 51 of them repeated across years

• What does I in restriction enzyme Hind S 2 I indicate?2026
• Match Column I with Column II and select the correct option:2026asked 2×
• Given below is the restriction site of a restriction endonuclease Pst I and the cleavage sites on a DNA molecule. Choose the…2026asked 3×
• Expression of a particular gene helps to identify transformants. What is this gene known as?2026
• Match Column-I with Column-II and choose the correct option:2026asked 2×
• Elution means:2026
• In pBR322, tetracycline, resistance gene (tet ^R ) has recognition site for which of the following restriction endonuclease?2026
• Which one of the following is not a component required for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?2026
• The construction of the first recombinant DNA was done by using the native plasmid of:2026
• Which of the following statements about plasmids is incorrect?2026asked 2×
• Assertion: DNA Ligase is used to join DNA fragments. Reason (R): It catalyses the formation of glycosidic bonds between…2026asked 3×
• Assertion: The use of chitinase enzyme is necessary for the separation of DNA from yeast cells but not in the case of Spirogyra.…2026asked 2×
• Briefly describe the process of DNA extraction from a fungal cell. Name the chemicals used in the process.2026
• How do scientists use microinjection and gene gun in biotechnology?2026
• Write the importance of following in biotechnology: Ori (Origin of Replication) Enzyme Polymerase used in Polymerase Chain…2026
• Study the sequence of bases in a DNA molecule that is shown below and answer the questions. What are such sequences called? Name…2026
• (i) Given below is the schematic representation of the process of electrophoresis. Identify the alphabets representing the: (I)…2026asked 3×
• Suggest how a virus-free healthy plant can be obtained from a diseased sugarcane plant. OR In order to force bacteria to take up…2026asked 2×
• Why and how can bacteria be made 'competent'?2026
• Write the role of 'ori' and 'restriction' site in a cloning vector pBR322.2026
• Explain any two methods of vectorless gene transfer. OR Name the most commonly used bioreactor. List the advantages of the…2026
• There are limitations of traditional breeding techniques that led to promotion of micro-propagation? Mention two advantages of…2026asked 3×
• Draw a figure of E. coli vector pBR322 and label the following: (i) Origin of replication (ii) Ampicillin resistance site (iii)…2026
• Observe the given picture carefully. A mixture of DNA with fragments ranging from 100 base pairs to 1800 base pairs were…2026asked 3×
• Gene manipulation is a fast emerging science. It started with the development of recombinant DNA molecules. This technology which…2026asked 3×
• Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow: We know that plasmids and bacteriophages are the most commonly…2026asked 3×
• (i) Explain any two basic principles/core techniques on which biotechnology is based. (ii) Describe any three key tools used in…2026asked 3×
• (i) EcoR I has played a very important role in rDNA technology. (I) Explain the convention for naming EcoR I. (II) Write the…2026asked 3×
• pBR which is frequently used as a vector for cloning gene in E. coli is a/an:2025
• Identify the incorrect statement regarding PCR.2025asked 2×
• Amplification of gene of interest by using DNA polymerase may go upto2025asked 3×
• The cloning site present in the tetracycline resistance gene of E. coli cloning vector pBR322 is:2025
• Select the correct statement from the following biotechnological procedures:2025asked 2×
• The cloning site present in the rop site of E. coli cloning vector pBR322 is:2025
• The cloning site present in the ampicillin resistance gene of E. coli cloning vector pBR322 is:2025
• Assertion: To generate only a part of the plant from a cell is totipotency. Reason (R): Suitable special nutrient media and…2025asked 3×
• Assertion: A bioreactor provides the optimal conditions for achieving the desired product by providing optimum growth conditions.…2025asked 3×
• Assertion: A piece of DNA inserted into an alien organism generally does not replicate, if not inserted into a chromosome. Reason…2025asked 3×
• Assertion: Restriction endonuclease recognises palindromic sequence in DNA and cuts them. Reason (R): Palindromic sequence has…2025asked 2×
• How is DNA isolated in purified form from a bacterial cell? OR Explain how human functional insulin was produced by using…2025
• The basic scheme of the essential steps involved in the process of recombinant DNA technology is summarised below in the form of…2025asked 3×
• Observe the given sequence of nitrogenous bases on a DNA fragment and answer the following questions: Name the restriction enzyme…2025asked 2×
• The basic scheme of the essential steps involved in the process of recombinant DNA technology is summarised below in the form of…2025asked 3×
• The basic scheme of the essential steps involved in the process of recombinant DNA technology is summarized below in the form of…2025asked 3×
• Explain the importance of 'ori' and 'rop' in the E. coli cloning vector shown in the above given diagram. Differentiate between…2025
• Write the palindromic nucleotide sequence for following sequence of DNA segment: 5' - GAATTC - 3' Name the restriction…2025asked 3×
• Mention any two advantages of micropropagation techniques. Write in brief how the process is carried out in the laboratory. Name…2025asked 2×
• Explain the basis on which gel electrophoresis technique works. Write any two ways the products obtained through this technique…2025
• Differentiate between Recombinant DNA and cDNA. Explain the method to increase the competency of the bacterial cell membrane to…2025
• (i) Give the full form of 'ELISA'. Write the principle on which ELISA test is based. (ii) Describe all the methods used to treat…2025
• Student to attempt either option or. (i) Explain how is a bacterial cell made 'competent' to take up recombinant DNA from the…2025asked 3×
• Explain how the process of RNA interference technology is used effectively to prevent infestation of the roots of tobacco plant…2025
• (i) Name the two genes encoding for the Bt toxin protein used in biotechnology for the control of cotton bollworms. (ii) How does…2025
• Which one of the following is not used as a vector for rDNA technology?2024
• Which one of the following enzymes a fungal cell should be treated with to get the DNA along with other macro molecules released…2024
• Which of the following is not required for PCR?2024
• The linking of the antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid vector of Salmonella typhimurium by Stanley Cohen and Herbert…2024
• Which native plasmid did Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer use for the construction of the first recombinant DNA?2024
• Restriction Endonuclease - Hind II always cuts DNA molecules at a particular point by recognising a specific sequence of:2024asked 2×
• Using a DNA template, how many new DNA molecules would be generated after 10 cycles of amplification in PCR?2024
• Which one of the following bacteria were used by Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer to accomplish the construction of the first rDNA?2024
• The 'molecular scissors' fall in the category of:2024asked 3×
• Which one of the following represents the correct annealing of primers to the DNA to be amplified in the PCR?2024asked 3×
• Which one of the following is not a feature of plasmids?2024
• Assertion: Plasmids are autonomously replicating circular extra- chromosomal DNA. Reason (R): Plasmids are usually present in…2024asked 3×
• Assertion: In genetic engineering, antibiotic genes are used as selectable markers. Reason (R): Selectable markers help us to…2024
• Assertion: Specific enzymes are used to degrade the cell wall in organisms to isolate the DNA from the cell. Reason (R): Fungal…2024
• Assertion: The stirrer facilitates the even mixing of oxygen availability in a bioreactor. Reason (R): Stirred-tank bioreactors…2024asked 3×
• Assertion: A recombinant DNA which is inserted within the coding sequence of β -galactosidase does not produce blue coloured…2024
• How is a restriction endonuclease named? Explain with the help of a suitable example.2024
• Write the role of 'ori' and restriction site in the cloning vector pBR322.2024
• With reference to the set-ups (A, B and C) given below, of the electrophoretic separation of a mixture of DNA fragments of varied…2024asked 3×
• How is Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens modified to act as a cloning vector?2024
• Draw a schematic diagram of the E.coli vector pBR 322 and mark the following in it: ori rop ampicillin resistant gene…2024
• Why must a cell be made 'competent' in biotechnology experiments? How does calcium ion help in doing so? State the role of…2024
• The schematic representation as above is showing the linking of two DNA fragments. Name 'A' and 'B' fragments. Write the…2024
• Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow. In recombinant DNA technology, restriction enzymes are used as…2024asked 3×
• Study the diagram given below that shows the steps involved in the procedure of selecting transformed bacteria and answer the…2024asked 3×
• (i) Draw a schematic diagram of the cloning vector pBR 322 and label (1) Bam HI site (2) gene for ampicillin resistance (3) 'ori'…2024asked 3×
• Given below are two columns. In Column I is the list of four enzymes and in Column II is the list of functions of the given…2023asked 2×
• Given below is the restriction site of a restriction endonuclease Pst-I and the cleavage sites on a DNA molecule. Choose the…2023asked 3×
• Given below are the steps carried out to construct a recombinant DNA. Which one of the following gives the correct sequence of…2023
• The organism used in construction of the first artificial recombinant DNA by Cohen and Boyer in 1972 was:2023
• The given schematic illustration shows three steps 'P', 'Q' and 'R' of the polymerase chain reaction. Step 'P' Step 'Q' Step 'R'…2023asked 3×
• Assertion: Synthetic oligonucleotide polymers are used during Annealing in a PCR. Reason (R): The primers bind to the double…2023asked 3×
• Assertion: In order to cut the DNA with a restriction enzyme, it needs to be released from the membrane which encloses it. Reason…2023
• Vectors are DNA molecules that can carry a foreign DNA segment into the host cell. (i) Write the significance of 'ori' in this…2023
• (i) Identify and name the structures 'A' and 'B' marked in the image given below: (ii) State their importance in various…2023asked 2×
• 'Insertional inactivation' is a method to detect recombinant DNA. Explain the method. OR Explain how recombinant DNA technology…2023asked 3×
• With the help of a schematic diagram only, show in three steps, the formation of recombinant DNA by the action of restriction…2023asked 3×
• Answer the following questions with respect to recombinant DNA technology: (i) Why is plasmid considered to be an important tool…2023asked 3×
• Bioreactors are the containment vehicles of any biotechnology-based production process. For large scale production and for…2023asked 3×
• Restriction endonucleases are used in genetic engineering to form recombinant DNA. Explain only with the help of a flow chart the…2022
• A cell free method of amplifying DNA first developed in the mid 1980's revolutionized the field of biotechnology. Name the method…2022asked 3×
• With the advent of sophisticated techniques of genetic engineering, we can now readily purify and isolate DNA. Name and explain…2022asked 3×
• Explain how recombinant human insulin was prepared in 1983 by Eli Lily an American company.2022
• Non viral and non vector methods are sometimes used to transfer genes or alien DNA into a plant cell. Explain one such method…2022
• Name any three techniques used for introducing an alien DNA into a host cell and mention how?2022
• "Large scale production of recombinant DNA requires the use of bioreactors. " Draw a labelled diagram of a simple stirred-tank…2022
• Causative agents of HIV-AIDS and COVID-19 belong to the same group of viruses. To diagnose and amplify the genetic material for…2022asked 2×
• Only with the help of a labelled diagram, show the steps of formation of recombinant DNA by the action of restriction…2022
• (i) State the role of a selectable marker in r-DNA technology. (ii) Name one such selectable marker which is considered to be…2022asked 3×
• Read the paragraph given below and answer the questions that follow: Enzyme Taq polymerase, is extracted from a eubacterial…2022asked 3×

Answers come from CBSE’s own marking schemes. How we source them.