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Physics · 2024 · 2 marks
CBSE 2024 · Region 5 · Set 1 · Q18
Derive an expression for magnetic force F acting on a straight conductor of length L carrying current I in an external magnetic field B. Is it valid…
Derive an expression for magnetic force $\displaystyle \overrightarrow{\mathrm{F}}$ acting on a straight conductor of length L carrying current I in an external magnetic field $\displaystyle \overrightarrow{\mathrm{B}}$. Is it valid when the conductor is in zig-zag form ? Justify.
Marking-scheme solution
Total number of mobile charge carriers in a conductor of length L, cross-sectional area A and number density of charge carriers n:
$\displaystyle =n L A$
Force acting on the charge carriers in external magnetic field $\displaystyle \vec{B}$:
$\displaystyle \vec{F}=(n A L) q \vec{v}_{d} \times \vec{B}$ − − − − − −($\displaystyle 1$)
where $\displaystyle v_{d}$ is the drift velocity of the charge carriers.
Current flowing:
$\displaystyle I=v_{d} q n A$
$\displaystyle I L=v_{d} q n A L$ − − − − − −($\displaystyle 2$)
On solving equations ($\displaystyle 1$) and ($\displaystyle 2$):
$\displaystyle \vec{F}=I(\vec{L} \times \vec{B})$
Yes, because this force can be calculated by considering the zig-zag conductor as a collection of linear strips $\displaystyle (d \vec{l})$ and summing them vectorially.
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