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Economics · 2023 · 4 marks
Comparative Development Experiences of India and its NeighboursGross Domestic Product and Sectors4 marksAnalyseshort answer
CBSE 2023 · Region 3 · Set 2 · Q31
Read the following schedule carefully :Trends in Output Growth in Different Sectors, $\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 2015$
Country Agriculture ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) Industry ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) Service ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) Agriculture ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) Industry ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) Service ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) India $\displaystyle 3.1$ $\displaystyle 7.4$ $\displaystyle 6.9$ $\displaystyle 2.3$ $\displaystyle 5$ $\displaystyle 8.4$ China $\displaystyle 5.9$ $\displaystyle 10.8$ $\displaystyle 13.5$ $\displaystyle 4.1$ $\displaystyle 8.1$ $\displaystyle 8.4$ Pakistan $\displaystyle 4$ $\displaystyle 7.7$ $\displaystyle 6.8$ $\displaystyle 2.7$ $\displaystyle 3.4$ $\displaystyle 4.4$
Analyse the output growth trend in the three sectors over the given years between India and Pakistan.
| Country | Agriculture ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) | Industry ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) | Service ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) | Agriculture ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) | Industry ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) | Service ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) |
| India | $\displaystyle 3.1$ | $\displaystyle 7.4$ | $\displaystyle 6.9$ | $\displaystyle 2.3$ | $\displaystyle 5$ | $\displaystyle 8.4$ |
| China | $\displaystyle 5.9$ | $\displaystyle 10.8$ | $\displaystyle 13.5$ | $\displaystyle 4.1$ | $\displaystyle 8.1$ | $\displaystyle 8.4$ |
| Pakistan | $\displaystyle 4$ | $\displaystyle 7.7$ | $\displaystyle 6.8$ | $\displaystyle 2.7$ | $\displaystyle 3.4$ | $\displaystyle 4.4$ |
Marking-scheme solution
In the last few decades, output growth in the agriculture sector has declined for both India and Pakistan.
Output growth in the industrial sector has also declined for both the nations. India witnessing decline from $\displaystyle 7.4$% in 1980s to $\displaystyle 5$% during $\displaystyle 2011$-15. Whereas, in Pakistan, decline has been from $\displaystyle 7.7$% to $\displaystyle 3.4$% during the same period.
In case of service sector, India has a rise in output from $\displaystyle 6.9$% in 1980s to $\displaystyle 8.4$% in the period $\displaystyle 2011$-15. However, Pakistan’s service sector witnessed a decline from $\displaystyle 6.8$% to $\displaystyle 4.4$%.
During the given period of time, India’s growth was mainly contributed by the service sector whereas Pakistan experienced deceleration in all the three sectors.
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