(a)

“United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs indicated that India has overtaken China as the world’s most populous country in the month of April 2023.”

(a)

Explain the consequences of one-child policy adopted by China in the 1970s.

(b)

Discuss the impacts of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) on the economic growth of China.

In the late $\displaystyle 1970$’s, owing to the population explosion and the subsequent socio-economic concerns, China adopted the One Child Norm. This policy led to a sharp decline in its population growth rate. In addition to this, the sex ratio declined. Furthermore, the implementation of the one-child norm led to increase in the population of elderly people in proportion to young people.

The setting up of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in China led to a substantial increase in foreign direct investment in the economy. With the massive inflow of foreign capital and technology in China, the productive capacity increased thereby contributing to the rapid economic growth of China.