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Economics · 2024 · 4 marks
Comparative Development Experiences of India and its NeighboursGross Domestic Product and Sectors4 marksAnalyseshort answer
CBSE 2024 · Region 2 · Set 1 · Q32
On the basis of the data given below, discuss the shift in output and employment sector-wise, in India and China: Sectoral share of Employment and…
On the basis of the data given below, discuss the shift in output and employment sector-wise, in India and China :Sectoral share of Employment and GVA (%) in $\displaystyle 2018$ – $\displaystyle 2019$
Source : Human Development Report $\displaystyle 2019$ : Key Indicators of Asia and Pacific, $\displaystyle 2019$
| Sector | Contribution to GVA (India) | Contribution to GVA (China) | Contribution to GVA (Pakistan) | Distribution of Workforce (India) | Distribution of Workforce (China) | Distribution of Workforce (Pakistan) |
| Agriculture | $\displaystyle 16$ | $\displaystyle 7$ | $\displaystyle 24$ | $\displaystyle 43$ | $\displaystyle 26$ | $\displaystyle 41$ |
| Industry | $\displaystyle 30$ | $\displaystyle 41$ | $\displaystyle 19$ | $\displaystyle 25$ | $\displaystyle 28$ | $\displaystyle 24$ |
| Services | $\displaystyle 54$ | $\displaystyle 52$ | $\displaystyle 57$ | $\displaystyle 32$ | $\displaystyle 46$ | $\displaystyle 35$ |
| Total | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ |
Marking-scheme solution
The given data shows the data pertaining to the sectoral share of employment and Gross Value Added (GVA). Due to topographic and climatic conditions, the cultivable area in China is relatively smaller than that of India. Hence, the contribution of the agricultural sector to the GVA in China is $\displaystyle 7$% employing $\displaystyle 26$% of its workforce, whereas in India it is $\displaystyle 16$% employing $\displaystyle 43$% of its workforce.Owing to rapid industrialisation in China, the contribution of the industrial sector to GVA stands at $\displaystyle 41$% with $\displaystyle 28$% of the workforce as against corresponding figures of $\displaystyle 30$% and $\displaystyle 25$% in India.Both the nations have similar contribution of the Service sector to GVA standing at $\displaystyle 54$% and $\displaystyle 52$% with corresponding $\displaystyle 32$% and $\displaystyle 46$% to the workforce, respectively in India and China.
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