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Economics · 2023 · 4 marks
Comparative Development Experiences of India and its NeighboursGross Domestic Product and Sectors4 marksAnalyseshort answer
CBSE 2023 · Region 3 · Set 1 · Q30
Read the following schedule carefully :Trends in Output Growth in Different Sectors, $\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 2015$
Country Agriculture ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) Industry ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) Service ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) Agriculture ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) Industry ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) Service ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) India $\displaystyle 3.1$ $\displaystyle 7.4$ $\displaystyle 6.9$ $\displaystyle 2.3$ $\displaystyle 5$ $\displaystyle 8.4$ China $\displaystyle 5.9$ $\displaystyle 10.8$ $\displaystyle 13.5$ $\displaystyle 4.1$ $\displaystyle 8.1$ $\displaystyle 8.4$ Pakistan $\displaystyle 4$ $\displaystyle 7.7$ $\displaystyle 6.8$ $\displaystyle 2.7$ $\displaystyle 3.4$ $\displaystyle 4.4$
Analyse the output growth trend in the three sectors over the given years between India and China.
| Country | Agriculture ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) | Industry ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) | Service ($\displaystyle 1980$ – $\displaystyle 90$) | Agriculture ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) | Industry ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) | Service ($\displaystyle 2011$ – $\displaystyle 2015$) |
| India | $\displaystyle 3.1$ | $\displaystyle 7.4$ | $\displaystyle 6.9$ | $\displaystyle 2.3$ | $\displaystyle 5$ | $\displaystyle 8.4$ |
| China | $\displaystyle 5.9$ | $\displaystyle 10.8$ | $\displaystyle 13.5$ | $\displaystyle 4.1$ | $\displaystyle 8.1$ | $\displaystyle 8.4$ |
| Pakistan | $\displaystyle 4$ | $\displaystyle 7.7$ | $\displaystyle 6.8$ | $\displaystyle 2.7$ | $\displaystyle 3.4$ | $\displaystyle 4.4$ |
Marking-scheme solution
In the last few decades, output growth in the agriculture sector declined for both India and China.In the industrial sector, China attained a growth rate of $\displaystyle 10.8$% in 1980s but declined to $\displaystyle 8.1$% in $\displaystyle 2011$-15. India also witnessed a decline in the industrial growth rate from $\displaystyle 7.4$% in 1980s to $\displaystyle 5$% in $\displaystyle 2011$-15.In case of service sector, China was able to maintain highest rate of growth during $\displaystyle 1980$–$\displaystyle 1990$ i.e. $\displaystyle 13.5$% which declined to $\displaystyle 8.4$% in $\displaystyle 2011$-15. Whereas, India’s growth increased from $\displaystyle 6.9$% in 1980s to $\displaystyle 8.4$% in $\displaystyle 2011$-15.Thus, China’s growth is contributed by both the manufacturing and service sectors and India’s growth mainly by the service sector.
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