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Mathematics · 2023 · 3 marks
CBSE 2023 · Region 1 · Set 1 · Q26
Evaluate: ∫_0^((π)/2)[ log ( sin x )- log (2 cos x )] d x
Evaluate : \[\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}[\log (\sin \mathrm{x})-\log (2 \cos \mathrm{x})] d \mathrm{x} \]
Marking-scheme solution
$$\text { Let } \mathrm{I}=\int_{0}^{\pi / 2}[\log \sin \mathrm{x}-\log (2 \cos \mathrm{x})] \mathrm{dx}=\int_{0}^{\pi / 2} \log \left(\frac{\tan \mathrm{x}}{2}\right) \mathrm{dx}
$$
Using property $\displaystyle \int_{0}^{a} f(\mathrm{x}) d \mathrm{x}=\int_{0}^{a} f(a-\mathrm{x}) d \mathrm{x}$
We get, $\displaystyle \mathrm{I}=\int_{0}^{\pi / 2} \log \left(\frac{\cot \mathrm{x}}{2}\right) \mathrm{dx}$
$\displaystyle \therefore 2 \mathrm{I}=\int_{0}^{\pi / 2} \log \left(\frac{\tan \mathrm{x}}{2} \times \frac{\cot \mathrm{x}}{2}\right) \mathrm{dx}=\int_{0}^{\pi / 2} \log \left(\frac{1}{4}\right) \mathrm{dx}$
$\displaystyle 2 \mathrm{I}=\left.\log \left(\frac{1}{4}\right) \mathrm{x}\right|_{0} ^{\pi / 2}=\frac{\pi}{2} \log \frac{1}{4}$
$$\mathrm{I}=\frac{\pi}{4} \log \frac{1}{4} \mathrm{OR}-\frac{\pi}{2} \log 2
$$
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CBSE Class 12 Mathematics past-paper question from the 2023 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.