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Economics · 2025 · 4 marks
Comparative Development Experiences of India and its NeighboursDevelopment Strategies — An Appraisal4 marksAnalyseshort answer
CBSE 2025 · Region 5 · Set 1 · Q30
Read the following text carefully: China underwent substantial policy changes to stimulate their economy. China’s economic growth was rapid in the…
Read the following text carefully :China underwent substantial policy changes to stimulate their economy.China’s economic growth was rapid in the late 1970s across various sectors. However, India had to wait much longer for its economic transformation. India’s significant economic progress was only realised after the economic reforms of $\displaystyle 1991$, which were implemented out of compulsion.On the basis of given text and common understanding, compare the impact of subsequent reforms initiated by China and India.
Marking-scheme solution
China’s rapid economic growth can be traced back to the voluntarily initiated reforms in 1978. China was able to maintain near double-digit growth during 1980s which paved the strategic shift towards a manufacturing-driven economy. Moreover, agricultural reforms brought prosperity to a vast number of poor people. It fostered industrial expansion and strengthening support for further reforms.In contrast, India was compelled to introduce economic reforms in 1991. The industrial sector reported fluctuation, the growth of the service sector has gone up. This indicates that GDP growth is mainly driven by growth in the service sector.
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CBSE Class 12 Economics past-paper question from the 2025 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.