(a)OR(b)

Explain the following techniques of Scientific Management:

(i)

Fatigue study

(ii)

Method study

(iii)

Differential Piece Rate Wage system

• (i) Fatigue study : Fatigue Study determines the amount and frequency of rest • intervals in completing a task. The rest intervals help the workers to regain stamina and work again with the same capacity resulting in increased productivity. • (ii) Method study: Method study refers to the study undertaken to find out one best • way of doing the job. Its objective is to minimize the cost of production and maximise the quality and satisfaction of the customer. • (iii) Differential Piece Rate Wage system: Differential Piece Wage System is a technique which differentiates between efficient and inefficient workers. It rewards the efficient workers and motivates the inefficient ones to • improve their efficiency. In this plan, there are different rates of wage payment for those who perform above standard and for those who perform below standard in order to reward the efficient workers.• (i) Flexible: The principles of management are flexible as they are not rigid • prescriptions, which have to be followed absolutely. They can be modified by the manager when the situation so demands. They give the manager enough discretion to do so. • (ii)Mainly behavioural: Management principles aim at influencing behaviour of human beings, therefore principles of management are mainly • behavioural in nature. They enable a better understanding of the relationship between human and material resources in accomplishing organisational purposes. • (iii) Contingent: The application of principles of management is contingent or dependent upon the prevailing situation at a particular point of • time. Their application has to be changed as per requirements.