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Business Studies · 2024 · 6 marks
CBSE 2024 · Region 2 · Set 3 · Q32
(a) Explain the following techniques of Scientific Management: (i) Fatigue study (ii) Differential piece wage system (iii) Standardisation and…
(a)
Explain the following techniques of Scientific Management :
(i)
Fatigue study
(ii)
Differential piece wage system
(iii)
Standardisation and simplification of work
OR
(b)
Explain the following features of principles of management :
(i)
General guidelines
(ii)
Cause and effect relationship
(iii)
Universal applicability
Marking-scheme solution
(i)
Fatigue study
Fatigue Study determines the amount and frequency of rest
intervals in completing task.
The rest intervals help the workers to regain stamina and work
again with the same capacity resulting in increased productivity.
(ii)
Differential piece wage system
Differential Piece Wage System is a technique which differentiates
between efficient and less efficient workers. It rewards the efficient
workers and motivates the less efficient ones to improve their
efficiency.
In this plan, there are two piece rates – one for those workers who
produce the standard output or more, and the other for those who
produce less than the standard output.
(iii)
Standardisation and simplification of work
Standardisation refers to the process of setting standards for every
business activity which can be standardisation of process, raw
material, time, product, machinery, methods or working conditions.
Simplification aims at eliminating superfluous varieties, sizes and
dimensions.
Explain the following features of principles of management:
(i)
General guidelines
(ii)
Cause and effect relationship
(iii)
Universal applicability
(b)(i)
General guidelines
The principles of management are guidelines to action but do not
provide readymade straitjacket solutions to all managerial
problems.
It is so because real business situations are very complex and
dynamic and are a result of many factors.
(ii)
Cause and effect relationship
The principles of management are intended to establish relationship
between cause and effect so that they can be used in similar
situations in a large number of cases. As such, they tell us if a
particular principle was applied in a particular situation, what
would be its likely effect.
In real life, situations are not identical. So, accurate cause and effect
relationships may be difficult to establish.
(iii)
Universal applicability
The principles of management are intended to apply to all types of
organisations, business as well as non-business, small as well large,
public sector as well as private sector, manufacturing as well as the
services sectors.
However, the extent of their applicability would vary with the
nature of the organisation, business activity, scale of operations etc.
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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies past-paper question from the 2024 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.