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Explain the following principles of Scientific Management: (i) Science not Rule of Thumb (ii) Harmony, not Discord (iii) Development of Each and…

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Principles of Scientific Management: (i) Science, not Rule of Thumb: •It states that there is only one best method to maximise efficiency, which can be developed through work study and analysis. This best method should substitute ‘Rule of Thumb’ throughout the organisation. •Scientific method involves unifying the best practices and developing a standard method to be followed throughout the organisation. (ii) Harmony, not Discord: •This principle emphasises that there should be complete harmony between the management and the workers. Both should realise that each one is important. There should be complete mental revolution on the part of both management and workers and both should transform their thinking. •Management should share the gains of the company, if any, with the workers. At the same time, workers should work hard and be willing to embrace change for the good of the company. (iii) Development of Each and Every Person to His or Her Greatest Efficiency and Prosperity: • It states that each person should be scientifically selected and assigned work to suit their physical, mental and intellectual capabilities. To increase efficiency of the workers, they should be trained to learn the best method developed through scientific study. • Efficient employees would produce more and earn more. This will ensure greatest efficiency and prosperity for both the company and the workers. OR Features of principles of management: (i) Universal applicability: • The principles of management are intended to apply to all types of organisations, business as well as non-business, small as well as large, etc. • However, the extent of their applicability would vary with the nature of the organisation, business activity, scale of operations, etc. (ii) Cause and effect relationships: • The principles of management are intended to establish relationship between cause and effect so that they can be used in similar situations in a large number of cases. • The principles of management are less than perfect since they mainly apply to human behaviour and in real life, situations are not identical, so accurate cause and effect relationships may be difficult to establish. (iii) General guidelines: • The principles are guidelines to action but do not provide readymade solutions to all managerial problems. • This is so because real business situations are very complex and dynamic and are a result of many factors.

Explain the following principles of Scientific Management:
(i)
Science not Rule of Thumb
(ii)
Harmony, not Discord
(iii)
Development of Each and Every Person to His or Her Greatest
Efficiency and Prosperity

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