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Biology · 2025 · 2 marks
Biotechnology and its ApplicationsBiotechnological Applications in Agriculture2 marksUnderstandvery short answer
CBSE 2025 · Region 7 · Set 2 · Q17
(a) Biotechnology has helped farmers to get pest-resistant cotton plants. Explain the technique adopted along with its mode of action.
(a)
Biotechnology has helped farmers to get pest-resistant cotton plants. Explain the technique adopted along with its mode of action.
OR
(b)
Explain any two molecular diagnostic techniques that help to detect pathogens from suspected patient.
Marking-scheme solution
Cry gene from Bacillus thuringiensis has been introduced into cotton
plants.
The gene produces inactive toxin protein (protoxin), when the insect ingests this protein it gets converted to an active toxin due to alkaline pH of the insect gut, and binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells of insects and create pores that causes cell swelling and lysis and death of insect.
Molecular diagnostic techniques :
PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) – This technique can detect presence of
bacterial or viral pathogen in very low concentration i.e. helps in early detection of a disease.
-Mutations of genes in suspected cancer patients can be detected by
hybridising a probe with the complementary DNA in the cells of patient followed by detection using autoradiography.
-Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is based on principle of
antigen antibody interaction /detect antibodies synthesized by the body against the specific antigen / detect presence of antigen in the patient
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CBSE Class 12 Biology past-paper question from the 2025 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.