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Biology · 2022 · 5 marks
Biotechnology and its ApplicationsBiotechnological Applications in Agriculture5 marksAnalyselong answer
CBSE 2022 · Region 4 · Set 1 · Q13
(a) There are two different farm lands, one where Bt-cotton crop was cultivated and the other where non Bt-cotton crop (indigenous) was cultivated.…
There are two different farm lands, one where Bt-cotton crop was cultivated and the other where non Bt-cotton crop (indigenous) was cultivated. Farmers responsible for this experimental cultivation were free to use the farming practices of their choice. During the cultivation period, the data was collected with respect to the amount of pesticide used, water required for irrigation and at harvesting time, the crop productivity. Based on the data collected, a bar graph was plotted which is shown below.
Answer the following questions :
(i)
Write your interpretation, with reason, on the basis of the three parameters plotted in the graph.
(ii)
Which one of the crops would you like to cultivate in your farm and why ?
(iii)
Which one out of these two crops would a farmer from Rajasthan like to cultivate and why ?
Gene of interest/alien gene is introduced by a cloning vector into a host cell to bring about a desired phenotypic expression in a host cell. The cloning vectors used are plasmid and bacteriophages. Biotechnologists in their labs, for desired results engineered specialised cloning vectors. One such vector is pBR322. Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(i)
What do 'EcoR I', 'BamH I' and 'Hind III' represent ? State their functions.
(ii)
Identify the gene you would select for the role of a selectable marker in pBR322. Explain why.
(iii)
Write the property/characteristic of plasmid and bacteriophage that makes them efficient cloning vectors.
(iv)
Biotechnologists always insert 'ori' gene in their engineered cloning vector. Justify the statement.
(v)
Will the experiment be successful if the alien DNA is ligated at Hind III restriction site? Give reason in support of your answer.
Marking-scheme solution
(a) (i)● Crop productivity is quite high in Bt crop as compared to non-Bt crop.
Pesticide use has reduced in Bt crop It saves resources and is environment friendly.
Water is required more for Bt crop as compared to non-Bt crop.
(ii) Weighing all the parameters it is concluded that Bt crop will be beneficial to farmers. (Less pesticide, more output)
(iii) Usually in Rajasthan there is shortage of water hence farmers would like to cultivate non Bt - cotton crop.
(b)
-All are restriction endonucleases
act as a molecular scissors / cut at a specific site within DNA
(ii) \(\displaystyle \mathrm{amp}^{\mathrm{R}} /\) tet \(\displaystyle ^{\mathrm{R}}\), help in identification and selection of transformants from non-transformants / identification of recombinant from non recombinant
(iii) Have the ability to replicate within bacterial cells independent of the control of chromosomal DNA / Autonomously replicating / bacteriophages and some bacteria have high copy number per cell, can replicate the desirable gene into large number of copies, presence of selectable marker, presence of cloning sites, presence of ori.
(iii) It is the sequence where replication begins / It controls copy number of vector
(iv) No, identification and selection of transformants from nontransformants/ identification of recombinant from non recombinant would not be possible
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