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Science · 2025 · 3 marks
CBSE 2025 · Region 6 · Set 1 · Q31
A student placed a candle flame at different distances from a convex lens and focused its image on a screen. He recorded his observation in tabular…
A student placed a candle flame at different distances from a convex lens and focused its image on a screen. He recorded his observation in tabular form as given below :
Analyse the observation table and on the basis of your analysis only, answer the following questions (without doing any calculations) :
| S.No. | Distance of flame from the lens (cm) | Distance of the image from the lens |
| $\displaystyle 1$ | -$\displaystyle 90$ | + $\displaystyle 18$ |
| $\displaystyle 2$ | -$\displaystyle 60$ | +$\displaystyle 20$ |
| $\displaystyle 3$ | -$\displaystyle 40$ | + $\displaystyle 24$ |
| $\displaystyle 4$ | -$\displaystyle 30$ | + $\displaystyle 30$ |
| $\displaystyle 5$ | -$\displaystyle 24$ | + $\displaystyle 40$ |
| $\displaystyle 6$ | -$\displaystyle 20$ | + $\displaystyle 60$ |
| $\displaystyle 7$ | -$\displaystyle 18$ | + $\displaystyle 90$ |
| $\displaystyle 8$ | -$\displaystyle 12$ | + $\displaystyle 120$ |
(a)
What is the focal length of the convex lens used ? Give reason to justify your answer.
(b)
Which one of the sets of observations is not correct and why ?
(c)
Draw ray diagram to show image formation for any correct set of observation.
Marking-scheme solution
(a) Focal length \(\displaystyle =+15 \mathrm{~cm}\) (Ignore units) Reason: when object distance and image distance are same i.e. object is at 2F, image is also formed at 2F on the other side \(\displaystyle \therefore 2 \mathrm{f}=30 \mathrm{~cm}\)
(b) Observation No. $\displaystyle 8$
Reason: here the object is between optical centre and principal focus of the lens hence image is formed on the same side as the object and v is not equal to + $\displaystyle 120$ cm. (it should be -$\displaystyle 120$ cm)(c) Ray diagram
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CBSE Class 10 Science past-paper question from the 2025 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.