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Economics · 2026 · 4 marks
Comparative Development Experiences of India and its NeighboursGross Domestic Product and Sectors4 marksAnalyseshort answer
CBSE 2026 · Region 4 · Set 1 · Q32
On the basis of the given data, outline and compare the share of Employment and Gross Value Added (GVA) of the sector that emerges to be a prospective employer in India and China.Sectoral Share of Employment and GDP (%) in $\displaystyle 2021$
Sector Contribution of GVA — India Contribution of GVA — China Contribution of GVA — Pakistan Distribution of Workforce — India Distribution of Workforce — China Distribution of Workforce — Pakistan Agriculture $\displaystyle 19$ $\displaystyle 8$ $\displaystyle 24$ $\displaystyle 46$ $\displaystyle 23$ $\displaystyle 37$ Industry $\displaystyle 29$ $\displaystyle 39$ $\displaystyle 20$ $\displaystyle 25$ $\displaystyle 32$ $\displaystyle 25$ Services $\displaystyle 52$ $\displaystyle 53$ $\displaystyle 56$ $\displaystyle 29$ $\displaystyle 45$ $\displaystyle 38$ Total $\displaystyle 100$ $\displaystyle 100$ $\displaystyle 100$ $\displaystyle 100$ $\displaystyle 100$ $\displaystyle 100$
| Sector | Contribution of GVA — India | Contribution of GVA — China | Contribution of GVA — Pakistan | Distribution of Workforce — India | Distribution of Workforce — China | Distribution of Workforce — Pakistan |
| Agriculture | $\displaystyle 19$ | $\displaystyle 8$ | $\displaystyle 24$ | $\displaystyle 46$ | $\displaystyle 23$ | $\displaystyle 37$ |
| Industry | $\displaystyle 29$ | $\displaystyle 39$ | $\displaystyle 20$ | $\displaystyle 25$ | $\displaystyle 32$ | $\displaystyle 25$ |
| Services | $\displaystyle 52$ | $\displaystyle 53$ | $\displaystyle 56$ | $\displaystyle 29$ | $\displaystyle 45$ | $\displaystyle 38$ |
| Total | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ | $\displaystyle 100$ |
Marking-scheme solution
The given data pertains to the sectoral share of employment and Gross Value Added (GVA). Due to topographic and climatic conditions, the cultivable area in China is relatively smaller than that of India. Hence, the contribution of the agricultural sector to the GVA in China is $\displaystyle 8$% employing $\displaystyle 23$% of its workforce, whereas in India it is $\displaystyle 19$% employing $\displaystyle 46$% of its workforce.Owing to rapid industrialisation in China, the contribution of the industrial sector to GVA stands at $\displaystyle 39$% with $\displaystyle 32$% of the workforce as against corresponding figures of $\displaystyle 29$% and $\displaystyle 25$% in India.Both the nations have similar contribution of the Service sector to GVA standing at $\displaystyle 52$% and $\displaystyle 53$% with corresponding $\displaystyle 29$% and $\displaystyle 45$% to the workforce, respectively in India and China.
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