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Business Studies · 2023 · 6 marks
CBSE 2023 · Region 1 · Set 1 · Q31
(a) Explain the following principles of management: (i) Discipline (ii) Unity of Command (iii) Unity of Direction
(a)
Explain the following principles of management :
(i)
Discipline
(ii)
Unity of Command
(iii)
Unity of Direction
OR
(b)
Explain the following techniques of Scientific Management :
(i)
Fatigue study
(ii)
Motion study
(iii)
Time study
Marking-scheme solution
• (a) (i) Discipline
Discipline is the obedience to organizational rules
and employment agreement which are necessary for
• the working of the organization.
It requires good superiors at all levels, clear and fair
agreements and judicious application of penalties.
• (ii) Unity of command
It says that there should be one and only one boss
• for every individual employee.
Dual subordination should be avoided. This is to
prevent confusion regarding tasks to be done.
• (iii) Unity of direction
Each group of activities having the same objective
• must have one head and one plan.
This ensures unity of action and coordination.
Explain the following techniques of Scientific
Management:
(i)
Fatigue study
(ii)
Motion study
(iü) Time study
• (i) Fatigue study
It seeks to determine the amount and frequency of rest
intervals in completing a task.
• $\displaystyle 21$
A person is bound to feel tired physically and
mentally if he/she does not rest while working. The
rest intervals will help one to regain stamina and
work again with the same capacity.
• (ii) Motion study
It refers to the study of movements like
lifting, putting objects, sitting, etc. which
• are undertaken while doing a typical job.
Unnecessary/unproductive movements are
sought to be eliminated so that it takes less
time to complete the job efficiently.
• (iii) Time Study
It determines the standard time taken to
• perform a well-defined job.
The objective of time study is to determine the
number of workers to be employed; frame
suitable incentive schemes and determine
labour costs.
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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies past-paper question from the 2023 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.