Question

Explain the following characteristics of principles of management: (i) Universal applicability (ii) Formed by practice and experimentation (iii)…

Accepted Answer

(i) Universal applicability § The principles of management are intended to apply to all types of organisations, business as well as non-business, small as well large, public sector as well as private sector, manufacturing as well as the services sectors. § However, the extent of their applicability would vary with the nature of the organisation, business activity, scale of operations etc. (ii) Formed by practice and experimentation § The principles of management are formed by experience and collective wisdom of managers. § These principles are formed by experimentation as well. (iii) Contingent § The application of principles of management is contingent or dependent upon the prevailing situation at a particular point of time. § The application of principles has to be changed as per requirements. OR Q. (b) Explain the following principles of management: (i) Division of work (ii) Order (iii) Unity of command (i) Division of work § Work is divided into small tasks/ jobs. A trained specialist who is competent is required to perform each job. § Thus, division of work leads to specialisation. (ii) Order § The principle of order states that ‘A place for everything (everyone) and everything (everyone) in its (her/his) place’. § If there is a fixed place for everything and it is present there, then there will be no hindrance in the activities of business/ factory. This will lead to increased productivity and efficiency. (iii) Unity of command § The principle of unity of command states that each participant in a formal organisation should receive orders from and be responsible to only one superior. § This is to prevent confusion regarding tasks to be done.

Explain the following characteristics of principles of management :
(i)
Universal applicability
(ii)
Formed by practice and experimentation
(iii)
Contingent

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(a)OR(b)Explain the following characteristics of principles of management :(i)Universal applicability(ii)Formed by practice and experimentation(iii)ContingentExplain the following principles of management :(i)Division of work(ii)Order(iii)Unity of command(iii)P.T.O.

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Explain the following characteristics of principles of management :
(i)
Universal applicability
(ii)
Formed by practice and experimentation
(iii)
Contingent