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Business Studies · 2024 · 6 marks
CBSE 2024 · Region 1 · Set 2 · Q31
Explain the following characteristics of principles of management :(i)Universal applicability(ii)Flexible(iii)Cause and effect relationshipExplain the following principles of management :(i)Initiative(ii)Order(iii)Stability of personnel
Explain the following characteristics of principles of management :
(i)
Universal applicability
(ii)
Flexible
(iii)
Cause and effect relationship
Explain the following principles of management :
(i)
Initiative
(ii)
Order
(iii)
Stability of personnel
Marking-scheme solution
• (i) Universal applicability:
The principles of management are intended to apply to all types of
organisations, business as well as non-business, small as well large,
public sector as well as private sector, manufacturing as well as the
• services sectors.
However, the extent of their applicability would vary with the
nature of the organisation, business activity, scale of operations, etc.
• (ii) Flexible:
The principles of management are not rigid prescriptions, which
• have to be followed absolutely.
They are flexible and can be modified by the manager when the
situation so demands. They give the manager enough discretion
to do so.
• (iii) Cause and effect relationship:
The principles of management are intended to establish
relationship between cause and effect so that they can be used in
similar situations in a large number of cases. They tell us if a
particular principle was applied in a particular situation, what
• would be its likely effect.
In real life, situations are not identical. So, accurate cause and
effect relationships may be difficult to establish.
Q(b). Explain the following principles of management:
(i)
Initiative
(ii)
Order
(iii)
Stability of personnel
• (i) Initiative:
Workers should be encouraged to develop and carry out their
• plans for improvements.
A good company should have an employee suggestion system
whereby initiative/suggestions which result in substantial
cost/time reduction should be rewarded.
• (ii) Order:
The principle of order states that ‘A place for everything
• (everyone) and everything (everyone) in its (her/his) place’.
If there is a fixed place for everything and it is present there, then
there will be no hindrance in the activities of business/ factory.
This will lead to increased productivity and efficiency.
• (iii) Stability of personnel:
Personnel once selected, should be kept at their post/ position
• for a minimum fixed tenure.
They should be given reasonable time to show results,
otherwise it will create instability/insecurity among employees.
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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies past-paper question from the 2024board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.