Why did Mahatma Gandhi decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement? Analyse any three reasons.

(i) In February $\displaystyle 1922$, Mahatma Gandhi decided to withdraw the Non- Cooperation Movement.

(ii) He felt the movement was turning violent in many places (like Chauri- Chaura) and satyagrahis needed to be properly trained before they would be ready for mass struggles.

(iii) Within the Congress, some leaders were by now tired of mass struggles.

(iv) They wanted to participate in elections to the provincial councils that had been set up by the Government of India Act of 1919.

(v) They felt that it was important to oppose British policies within the councils, argue for reform and also demonstrate that these councils were not truly democratic.

(vi) C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party within the Congress to argue for a return to council politics.

(vii) But younger leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose pressed for more radical mass agitation and for full independence.