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Physics · 2022 · 3 marks
CBSE 2022 · Region 5 · Set 1 · Q4
Draw a graph showing the variation of number of particles scattered (N) with the scattering angle θ in Geiger-Marsden experiment. Why only a small…
Draw a graph showing the variation of number of particles scattered (N) with the scattering angle $\displaystyle \theta$ in Geiger-Marsden experiment. Why only a small fraction of the particles are scattered at $\displaystyle \theta>90^{\circ}$ ? Mention two limitations of Rutherford nuclear model of an atom.
Marking-scheme solution
Due to the large empty space available in an atom, $\displaystyle \alpha$ particles heading towards the nucleus are less, therefore, small fraction of particles are scattered at $\displaystyle \theta>90^{0}$
Alternatively:
For angle $\displaystyle \theta>90^{0}$, the impact parameter is very small.
Limitations
Could not explain the stability of the atom
Could not explain the existence of line spectra
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CBSE Class 12 Physics past-paper question from the 2022 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.