✓ Board-verified
Physics · 2025 · 3 marks
CBSE 2025 · Region 6 · Set 1 · Q28
(a) Consider the so-called'D-T reaction' (Deuterium-Tritium reaction). In a thermonuclear fusion reactor, the following nuclear reaction occurs: _1^2…
(a)
Consider the so-called'D-T reaction' (Deuterium-Tritium reaction) . In a thermonuclear fusion reactor, the following nuclear reaction occurs: \[{ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}+{ }_{1}^{3} \mathrm{H} \longrightarrow{ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}+{ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}+\mathrm{Q} \] Find the amount of energy released in the reaction. Given: \[\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{m}\left({ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}\right)=2 \cdot 014102 \mathrm{u} \\ & \mathrm{~m}\left({ }_{1}^{3} \mathrm{H}\right)=3 \cdot 016049 \mathrm{u} \\ & \mathrm{~m}\left({ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{He}\right)=4 \cdot 002603 \mathrm{u} \\ & \mathrm{~m}\left({ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}\right)=1 \cdot 008665 \mathrm{u} \\ & 1 \mathrm{u}=931 \mathrm{MeV} / \mathrm{c}^{2} \end{aligned} \]
(b)
Show that the nuclear density is independent of mass number.
Marking-scheme solution
| Finding the amount of energy released | $\displaystyle 2$ |
| Showing the nuclear density is independent of mass number | $\displaystyle 1$ |
| \[ \begin{aligned} \Delta \mathrm{m} & =\left[\mathrm{m}\left({ }_{1}^{2} \mathrm{H}\right)+\mathrm{m}\left({ }_{1}^{3} \mathrm{H}\right)\right]-\left[\mathrm{m}\left({ }_{2}^{4} \mathrm{H} e\right)+\mathrm{m}\left({ }_{0}^{1} \mathrm{n}\right)\right] \\ & =(2.014102+3.016049)-(4.002603+1.008665) \\ & =0.018883 \mathrm{u} \end{aligned} \] \[ \begin{aligned} \mathrm{Q}= & \Delta \mathrm{m} \times 931 \\ = & 0.018883 \times 931 \mathrm{MeV} \\ & \mathrm{Q}=17.58 \mathrm{MeV} \end{aligned} \] | |
| Nuclear density \(\displaystyle =\frac{\text { Mass of nucleus }}{\text { Volume of nucleus }}\) \[ \rho=\frac{\mathrm{m} A}{\dfrac{4}{3} \pi R^{3}} \] \[ \begin{aligned} & R=R_{0} A^{1 / 3} \\ & \rho=\frac{3 \mathrm{m}}{4 \pi R_{0}^{3}} \end{aligned} \] | |
| Independent of mass number (A) |
More from Nuclei
- Calculate the energy released/absorbed in the following nuclear reaction: _6^12 C+_6^12 C →_10^20 Ne+_2^4 He Given: m(_6^12 C)=12 · 000000 u m(_10^20…2024 · asked 2×
- Two nuclei have their mass numbers in the ratio of 8: 1. The ratio of their nuclear densities is:2023
- Briefly explain how energy is produced in stars, giving two examples of the nuclear reactions involved.2025
- A narrow beam of protons, each having 4.1 MeV energy is approaching a sheet of lead (Z=82). Calculate: (i) the speed of a proton in the beam, and…2022
- Explain the terms mass defect and binding energy. How are they related?2026
- Deuterium undergoes the following fusion reaction: _1^2 H+_1^2 H →_2^3 He+_0^1 n+3.27 MeV How long an electric bulb of 200 W will glow by using the…2024
- (i) Prove that the nuclear density is same for all nuclei. (ii) Draw a plot of potential energy of a pair of nucleons as a function of their…2023
- Calculate the binding energy per nucleon (in MeV ) of a helium nucleus ( _2^4 He ). Given: m(_2^4 He)=4 · 002603 u m_n=1.008665 u; m_H=1.007825 u; 1…2025
CBSE Class 12 Physics past-paper question from the 2025 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.