CBSE 2025 · Region 1 · Set 2 · Q32 · 5 marks
Differentiate $\displaystyle \tan ^{-1} \frac{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}{x}$ w. r. t. $\displaystyle \cos ^{-1}\left(2 x \sqrt{1-x^{2}}\right), x \in\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 1\right)$Find $\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{dy}}{\mathrm{dx}}$, if $\displaystyle \mathrm{y}=x^{\tan x}+\frac{\sqrt{x^{2}+1}}{2}$.
Differentiate $\displaystyle \tan ^{-1} \frac{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}{x}$ w. r. t. $\displaystyle \cos ^{-1}\left(2 x \sqrt{1-x^{2}}\right), x \in\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 1\right)$
Find $\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{dy}}{\mathrm{dx}}$, if $\displaystyle \mathrm{y}=x^{\tan x}+\frac{\sqrt{x^{2}+1}}{2}$.
Marking-scheme solution
Put $\displaystyle x=\cos \theta \Rightarrow \theta=\cos ^{-1} x$
Let $\displaystyle u=\tan ^{-1} \frac{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}{x}=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \theta}\right)=\tan ^{-1}(\tan \theta)=\theta=\cos ^{-1} x$
\[\Rightarrow \frac{d u}{d x}=-\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}
\]
Let $\displaystyle v=\cos ^{-1}\left(2 x \sqrt{1-x^{2}}\right)=\cos ^{-1}(\sin 2 \theta)=\cos ^{-1}\left(\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-2 \theta\right)\right)=\frac{\pi}{2}-2 \cos ^{-1} x$
\[\Rightarrow \frac{d v}{d x}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}
\]
$\displaystyle \therefore \frac{d u}{d v}=\frac{d u / d x}{d v / d x}=-\frac{1}{2}$
Let $\displaystyle \mathrm{y}=u+v \Rightarrow \frac{d \mathrm{y}}{d x}=\frac{d u}{d x}+\frac{d v}{d x}$, where $\displaystyle u=x^{\tan x}, v=\frac{\sqrt{x^{2}+1}}{2}$
$\displaystyle u=x^{\boldsymbol{\operatorname { t a n }} x} \Rightarrow \boldsymbol{\operatorname { l o g }} u=\boldsymbol{\operatorname { t a n }} x \boldsymbol{\operatorname { l o g }} x$, differentiating with respect to ' $\displaystyle x$ ', we get $\displaystyle \Rightarrow \frac{\mathbf{1}}{\boldsymbol{u}} \frac{\boldsymbol{d} \boldsymbol{u}}{\boldsymbol{d} \boldsymbol{x}}=\frac{\boldsymbol{\operatorname { t a n }} \boldsymbol{x}}{\boldsymbol{x}}+\boldsymbol{\operatorname { s e c }}^{\mathbf{2}} \boldsymbol{x} \boldsymbol{\operatorname { l o g }} \boldsymbol{x} \Rightarrow \frac{d u}{d x}=u\left(\frac{\tan x}{x}+\sec ^{2} x \log x\right)=x^{\tan x}\left(\frac{\tan x}{x}+\sec ^{2} x \log x\right)$
\[v=\frac{\sqrt{x^{2}+1}}{2} \Rightarrow \frac{d v}{d x}=\frac{2 x}{4 \sqrt{x^{2}+1}}=\frac{x}{2 \sqrt{x^{2}+1}}
\]
$\displaystyle \Rightarrow \frac{d \mathrm{y}}{d x}=x^{\tan x}\left(\frac{\tan x}{x}+\sec ^{2} x \log x\right)+\frac{x}{2 \sqrt{x^{2}+1}}$
Continuity and DifferentiabilityLogarithmic DifferentiationApplylong_answerhard
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CBSE Class 12 Mathematics past-paper question from the 2025board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.