(A) Distinguish between formal and informal sector of employment with the help of suitable examples.

Formal Sector includes all the public sector establishments and those private sector establishments which employ $\displaystyle 10$ or more hired workers. Formal sector workers get regular income and are entitled to social security benefits.

For example: a government hospital etc.

Whereas;

Informal Sector includes those private sector establishments which employ less than $\displaystyle 10$ hired workers. Workers in informal sector often lack job security, regular income and can be dismissed without any compensation.

For example: agricultural labourer etc.

Owing to the rapid population growth and industrialisation, the demand of resources for production and consumption exceeded their natural rate of regeneration, placing heavy pressure on the absorptive capacity of the environment. As a result, issues like waste generation and pollution have intensified, leading to a serious environmental crisis.