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Economics · 2023 · 3 marks
CBSE 2023 · Region 4 · Set 3 · Q29
Discuss any two problems being faced in the process of rural banking in India.Analyse and compare the nature of the workforce distribution in India as depicted in the diagram given below :
Discuss any two problems being faced in the process of rural banking in India.
Analyse and compare the nature of the workforce distribution in India as depicted in the diagram given below :
Marking-scheme solution
Two problems being faced in the process of rural banking in India, may be quoted as:
Insufficient credit availability: Growth of rural economy depends primarily on infusion of capital. Farmers need funds due to long gestation period. However, it has been observed that the volume of credit in rural India, is insufficient.
Dependence on informal credit system: Since ages, this has been a perennial problem of Indian rural areas. In the absence of collateral, many small and marginal farmers and other rural poor do not have access to formal banking system pushing them into debt trap. As the last resort, they have to be dependent on the informal credit system. Thereby, falling into debt trap.
The given diagram shows that in the rural areas majority of employment is created under the self-employment ($\displaystyle 58$%) and casual wage labourers ($\displaystyle 29$%) category. This may be due to the fact that, in the rural areas, majority of people depend on farming on their own land and those who do not own land work on others' farms as casual labourers. Only $\displaystyle 13$% population is engaged in the regular salaried employment.
However, the urban areas are dominated by the regular salaried employees ($\displaystyle 47$%) as enterprises in these areas require employees on a regular basis. Self-employment category is the second largest one standing at $\displaystyle 38$% and the casual wage workers at $\displaystyle 15$%.
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