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Business Studies · 2025 · 3 marks
CBSE 2025 · Region 7 · Set 1 · Q22
(a) Explain the following features of 'Planning': (i) Planning focuses on achieving objectives. (ii) Planning is a mental exercise.
(a)
Explain the following features of 'Planning':
(i)
Planning focuses on achieving objectives.
(ii)
Planning is a mental exercise.
OR
(b)
Explain the following types of plans:
(i)
Strategy
(ii)
Policy
Marking-scheme solution
Features of ‘Planning’:
• (i) Planning focuses on achieving objectives:
Specific goals are set out in the plans along with the activities to
• be undertaken, to achieve the goals.
Hence, planning contributes to the achievement of
predetermined organizational goals.
• (ii) Planning is a mental exercise:
Planning requires application of the mind involving foresight,
• intelligent imagination and sound judgement.
It is an intellectual activity of logical thinking rather than doing,
because planning determines the action to be taken. It must be
based on analysis of facts and forecast.
(b)
Strategy:
▪ A strategy refers to future decisions defining the organisation’s
direction and scope in the long run.
▪ It is a comprehensive plan for accomplishing organisation’s
objectives and involves determining long term objectives, adopting a
particular course of action and allocating necessary resources.
▪ Whenever a strategy is formulated, the business environment needs
to be taken into consideration.
(ii)
Policy:
• Policy is a general statement that guides thinking and channelizes
energies towards a particular direction. It brings uniformity in
decision making for achievement of predetermined objectives.
• It defines the broad parameters within which a manager may
function.
• A manager may use his discretion to interpret and apply a policy.
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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies past-paper question from the 2025 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.