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Biology · 2026 · 2 marks
CBSE 2026 · Region 3 · Set 1 · Q18
(a) (i) Mention any two characteristics of Neanderthal man that lived near East and Central Asia. (ii) Identify the following hominids with respect…
(a)(i)
Mention any two characteristics of Neanderthal man that lived near East and Central Asia.
(ii)
Identify the following hominids with respect to human evolution :
(I)
Brain capacity $\displaystyle 900$ cc , probably ate meat.
(II)
First human-like with brain capacity $\displaystyle 650-800 \mathrm{cc}$.
OR
(b)
The allele for brown eyes (B) is dominant over blue eyes (b). In a population, $\displaystyle 36$% of individuals have blue eyes. Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, calculate :
(i)
Frequency of allele B
(ii)
Percentage of heterozygous individuals
(iii)
Percentage of individuals that are homozygous dominant (Working to be shown)
Marking-scheme solution
(i)
• Brain size was $\displaystyle 1400$ cc
• They used hides to protect their bodies
• They buried their dead bodies
(ii)
(Ι) Homo erectus
(II)
Homo habilis
Given:
(i)
Frequency of blue-eyed individuals (bb) = $\displaystyle 36$%
As per Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium if q2 =$\displaystyle 0.36$ then q = $\displaystyle 0.6$
Acc. to Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium (p +q) =$\displaystyle 1$
Therefore p=$\displaystyle 1$-$\displaystyle 0.6$=$\displaystyle 0.4$
Frequency of allele B (p) = $\displaystyle 0.4$
(ii)
Heterozygous individuals (2pq)
2pq= $\displaystyle 2$×$\displaystyle 0.4$×$\displaystyle 0.6$=$\displaystyle 0.48$=$\displaystyle 48$%
(iii)
Homozygous dominant (p2)
p2= ($\displaystyle 0.4$) × ($\displaystyle 0.4$) =$\displaystyle 0.16$=$\displaystyle 16$%
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CBSE Class 12 Biology past-paper question from the 2026 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.