CBSE 2026 · Region 3 · Set 3 · Q18 · 2 marks
(i)Rearrange the following in correct order of their appearance on Earth between $\displaystyle 2$ million years and $\displaystyle 40,000$ years ago : Homo Neanderthalensis, Australopithecus, Homo erectus, Homo habilis(ii)Which one of the above :(I)had the largest brain size ?(II)ate fruits?(i)What is natural selection ?(ii)Explain the type of natural selection that promotes evolutionary change. Give an example.
(i)
Rearrange the following in correct order of their appearance on Earth between $\displaystyle 2$ million years and $\displaystyle 40,000$ years ago : Homo Neanderthalensis, Australopithecus, Homo erectus, Homo habilis
(ii)
Which one of the above :
(I)
had the largest brain size ?
(II)
ate fruits?
(i)
What is natural selection ?
(ii)
Explain the type of natural selection that promotes evolutionary change. Give an example.
Marking-scheme solution
(i)
Australopithecus
Homo habilis
Homo erectus
Homo Neanderthalensis
(ii)
(I)
Neanderthalensis
(II)
Australopithecus
(i)
Natural selection is a process in which individuals with traits better suited to their environment survive & reproduce and pass on those traits to next generation.
(ii)
• Directional selection
It favours selection of individuals at one extreme of a trait. It leads to a shift in particular direction.
Eg. Development of antibiotic/ Resistance in bacteria/ Dark colouration of moth after industrialization.
Disruptive selection; both extreme phenotypes are favoured over the intermediate.
• Eg. Beak size variations in finches or any other relevant example
EvolutionA Brief Account of EvolutionApplyvery_short_answermedium
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CBSE Class 12 Biology past-paper question from the 2026board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.