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Social Science · 2024 · 5 marks
The Rise of Nationalism in EuropeMeasures to Create a Sense of Collective Identity Among the French5 marks
CBSE 2024 · Region 4 · Set 1 · Q30
(a) "The French Revolution created a sense of collective identity amongst the French people." Explain the statement with suitable arguments.
(a)
"The French Revolution created a sense of collective identity amongst the French people." Explain the statement with suitable arguments.
OR
(b)
"The Greek war of independence mobilised nationalist feelings among the educated elite across Europe." Explain the statement with suitable arguments.
Marking-scheme solution
(i) France was a full-fledged territorial state in $\displaystyle 1789$ under the rule of an absolute monarch.
(ii) The political and constitutional changes came in the wake of the French Revolution.
(iii) It led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of french citizens.
(iv) The revolution proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation and shape its destiny.
(v) The French introduced various measures and practises which emphasized the notion of united community, enjoying equal rights under the constitution.
(vi) The idea of la patrie (the Fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) emphasised the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution.
(vii) New hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated.
(viii) French became the common language of the nation.
(b) “The Greek war of independence mobilised nationalist feelings among the educated elite across Europe.” Explain the statement with suitable arguments.
(i) Greece had been part of the Ottoman Empire since the fifteenth century.
(ii) The growth of revolutionary nationalism in Europe sparked off a struggle for independence amongst the Greeks, which begin in 1821.
(iii) Nationalists in Greece got support from other Greeks living in exile and also from many West Europeans who had sympathies for ancient Greek culture.
(iv) Poets and artists lauded Greece as the cradle of European civilization.
(v) Public opinion was mobilised to support its struggle against a Muslim empire.
(vi) The English poet Lord Byron organised funds and later went to fight in the war.
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CBSE Class 10 Social Science past-paper question from the 2024 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.