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Mathematics · 2023 · 2 marks
CBSE 2023 · Region 2 · Set 2 · Q25
Prove that 4^n can never end with digit 0, where n is a natural number.
Prove that $\displaystyle 4^{\mathrm{n}}$ can never end with digit $\displaystyle 0$, where n is a natural number.
Marking-scheme solution
If the number \(\displaystyle 4^{\mathrm{n}}\), for any n, were to end with digit zero, it would be divisible by $\displaystyle 5$ . So, the prime factorization of \(\displaystyle 4^{\mathrm{n}}\) should contain the prime factor $\displaystyle 5$ .
But in \(\displaystyle 4^{\mathrm{n}}=(2 \times 2)^{\mathrm{n}}=2^{2 \mathrm{n}}\), the only prime factor is $\displaystyle 2$ .
∴ By fundamental theorem of arithmetic, there is no natural number n for which \(\displaystyle 4^{\mathrm{n}}\) ends with digit zero.
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CBSE Class 10 Mathematics past-paper question from the 2023 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.