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SolveItNCERT · CBSE · NEET

NCERT Exemplar · Class 10 Science Management of Natural Resources

37 questions · 37 still being checked

Long Answer Questions 32–37 (part 5 of 5)

  1. Exercise 32

    In the context of conservation of natural resources, explain the terms reduce, recycle and reuse. From among the materials that we use in daily life, identify two materials for each category.

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    Reduce means to use a material/commodity in lesser quantity, e.g electricity and water Recycle means a material that is used once is collected and sent back to a manufacturer so that they can make some other useful material from it: e.g., plastic cups and buckets, glass tumbler, paper, metal objects Reuse means using a thing over and over again instead of throwing it away. It does not involve the process of recycling either in small or large scale: e.g., used envelopes, plastic carry bags, bottles of jam.
    Reduce — use less. – Water: turn off the tap while brushing. – Paper: write on both sides.Reuse — use again as it is, no reprocessing. – Glass jars: store food. – Plastic containers: pack things, or grow plants in them.Recycle — reprocess waste into a new product. – Plastic: melted and remoulded. – Metal scrap: melted and recast.Answer: Reduce: use less (water, paper). Reuse: use again as it is (glass jars, plastic containers). Recycle: reprocess into new articles (plastic, metal scrap).

  2. Exercise 33

    Prepare a list of five activities that you perform daily in which natural resources can be conserved or energy utilisation can be minimised.

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    NCERT’s answer
    Hint- (a) Unused water in the water bottle may be used for watering plant
    (b)
    Close all the taps before you go to sleep.
    (c)
    Avoid using a hose pipe for watering plants
    (d)
    Wash vehicles only when they are dirty
    (e)
    Use fan and light only when required
    (f)
    Use solar water heating devices
    (g)
    Use CFL in place of conventional bulbs/tubes
    – Switch off lights, fans and appliances when leaving a room. – Turn off the tap while brushing teeth or soaping hands. – Walk or cycle for nearby errands instead of using a vehicle. – Cook in a pressure cooker to cut fuel and time. – Carry a cloth bag instead of taking new plastic bags.Answer: switch off unused lights and fans, turn off the tap while brushing, walk or cycle short trips, cook in a pressure cooker, carry cloth bags.

  3. Exercise 34

    Is water conservation necessary? Give reasons.

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    Hint- The total amount of fresh water is more than enough to meet the needs of human beings. But due to its uneven distribution, wide seasonal as well as yearly fluctuation in rainfalls and wastage water shortage is a chronic problem in most parts of the world.
    – Usable fresh water is a small, fixed share of Earth's water. – Population, industry and farming draw water faster than natural recharge. – Rainfall is seasonal and uneven, so many regions face shortage part of the year. – Over-extraction lowers the water table; leaking taps, over-irrigation and pollution waste usable water.Answer: Yes: usable fresh water is limited and unevenly distributed, rainfall varies by season and year, and much is wasted, so shortage is chronic without conservation.

  4. Exercise 35

    Suggest a few useful ways of utilising waste water.

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    NCERT’s answer
    Hint- Waste water can be used for
    (a)
    recharging the ground water
    (b)
    can be used for irrigation
    (c)
    treated municipal water can be used for washing cars, watering the gardens
    (c)
    certain pollutants in sewage water can become fertiliser for various crops.
    – Irrigate fields and gardens after treatment; the nutrients in sewage feed crops and spare fresh water. – Route it through recharge pits to replenish groundwater. – Use treated water for flushing, washing and construction work. – Recirculate it as industrial cooling water instead of drawing fresh intake.Answer: treated waste water can irrigate fields and gardens, recharge groundwater, and serve washing, flushing, construction and industrial cooling.

  5. Exercise 36

    What is the importance of forest as a resource?

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    NCERT’s answer
    Hint- Forests are renewable resources which provide
    (a)
    Habitat, food, protection to wild life.
    (b)
    Help in balancing \(\displaystyle \mathrm{CO}_2\) and \(\displaystyle \mathrm{O}_2\) of atmosphere.
    (c)
    Improves water holding capacity of soil.
    (d)
    Regulates water cycle.
    (e)
    For human being, they are the source for all essential commodities like, fuel wood, timber pulp and paper etc.
    (f)
    It provides useful products like fruits, resins, gums, essential oils, bidi wrapper etc.
    – Habitat for many plants and animals — a store of biodiversity. – Photosynthesis balances atmospheric \(\displaystyle \mathrm{CO_2}\) and \(\displaystyle \mathrm{O_2}\). – Regulates local climate and rainfall through transpiration. – Roots bind soil, checking erosion and landslides on slopes. – Recharges groundwater and maintains river flow, acting as a natural watershed. – Supplies timber, fuelwood, fodder, medicinal plants, resins, gums and fruits, and livelihood to forest-dwelling communities.Answer: forests conserve biodiversity, balance \(\displaystyle \mathrm{CO_2}\) and \(\displaystyle \mathrm{O_2}\), regulate climate and the water cycle, check soil erosion, and supply timber, fuel, fodder and other products.

  6. Exercise 37

    Why are the Arabari forests of Bengal known to be a good example of conserved forest?

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    NCERT’s answer
    Hint- The forest department developed a strategy in which the villagers were involved in the protection of the forest. In return for the labour, the villagers were paid and also had some benefit in harvesting operations. They were allowed to collect wood and fodder on payment of nominal fee. In this way, by the active and willing participation of the local people, the sal forests of Arabari were conserved.
    In $\displaystyle 1972$ the West Bengal Forest Department involved villagers in reviving $\displaystyle 1,272$ ha of badly degraded sal forest at Arabari. In return the villagers got: – employment in silviculture and harvesting, – $\displaystyle 25$% of the final harvest, – fuelwood and fodder for a nominal fee.By $\displaystyle 1983$ the once-degraded forest was worth about Rs $\displaystyle 12.5$ crore.Answer: villagers who protected the degraded sal forest were paid, got a share of the harvest and fuelwood and fodder for a nominal fee, and their willing participation regenerated the forest.