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Economics · 2024 · 6 marks
CBSE 2024 · Region 1 · Set 1 · Q34
Read the following text carefully :In order to address two major environmental concerns in India, viz. water and air pollution, the government set up the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 1974. This was followed by states establishing their own state level boards to address all the environmental concerns. They investigate, collect and disseminate information relating to water, air and land pollution, lay down standards for sewage/trade effluent and emissions. These boards provide technical assistance to governments in promoting cleanliness of streams and wells by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution, and improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country.These boards also carry out and sponsor investigation and research relating to problems of water and air pollution and for their prevention, control or abatement. They organize, through mass media, a comprehensive mass awareness programme for the same. The PCBs prepare manuals, codes and guidelines relating to treatment and disposal of sewage and trade effluents.They assess the air quality through regulation of industries. In fact, state boards, through their district level officials, periodically inspect every industry under their jurisdiction to assess the adequacy of treatment measures provided to treat the effluent and gaseous emissions. It also provides background air quality data needed for industrial siting and town planning.The pollution control boards collect, collate and disseminate technical and statistical data relating to water pollution. They monitor the quality of water in $\displaystyle 125$ rivers (including the tributaries), wells, lakes, creeks, ponds, tanks, drains and canals.On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions :(a)State any two concerns owing to which the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was established.(b)Explain any two functions performed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).(c)Elaborate any two strategies to ensure sustainable development as adopted by India.
Read the following text carefully :
In order to address two major environmental concerns in India, viz. water and air pollution, the government set up the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in 1974. This was followed by states establishing their own state level boards to address all the environmental concerns. They investigate, collect and disseminate information relating to water, air and land pollution, lay down standards for sewage/trade effluent and emissions. These boards provide technical assistance to governments in promoting cleanliness of streams and wells by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution, and improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country.
These boards also carry out and sponsor investigation and research relating to problems of water and air pollution and for their prevention, control or abatement. They organize, through mass media, a comprehensive mass awareness programme for the same. The PCBs prepare manuals, codes and guidelines relating to treatment and disposal of sewage and trade effluents.
They assess the air quality through regulation of industries. In fact, state boards, through their district level officials, periodically inspect every industry under their jurisdiction to assess the adequacy of treatment measures provided to treat the effluent and gaseous emissions. It also provides background air quality data needed for industrial siting and town planning.
The pollution control boards collect, collate and disseminate technical and statistical data relating to water pollution. They monitor the quality of water in $\displaystyle 125$ rivers (including the tributaries), wells, lakes, creeks, ponds, tanks, drains and canals.
On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions :
(a)
State any two concerns owing to which the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was established.
(b)
Explain any two functions performed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).
(c)
Elaborate any two strategies to ensure sustainable development as adopted by India.
Marking-scheme solution
(a)
Two major concerns owing to which the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) was established were:
Water pollution
Air pollution
(b)
Functions performed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) are:
It investigates, collects and disseminates information relating to water, air and land pollution.
It lays down standards for sewage/trade effluent and emissions.
(c)
In order to ensure sustainable development, following strategies are adopted by India:
Use of wind energy: In areas where speed of wind is usually high, windmills are used to generate electricity without any adverse impact on the environment.
Use of solar energy: With the help of photovoltaic cells/solar panels, solar energy can be converted into electricity. This technology is extremely useful for remote areas and is free from pollution.
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