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Business Studies · 2025 · 6 marks
CBSE 2025 · Region 1 · Set 3 · Q32
(a) Explain the following points of importance of 'Planning' function of management: (i) Planning facilitates decision making. (ii) Planning reduces…
(a)
Explain the following points of importance of
'Planning' function of management:
(i)
Planning facilitates decision making.
(ii)
Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities.
(iii)
Planning establishes standards for controlling.
OR
(b)
Explain 'Procedure', 'Method' and 'Programme' as
types of plans.
Marking-scheme solution
(i)
Planning facilitates decision making.
§ Planning helps the manager to look into the future and make
a choice from amongst various alternative courses of action.
§ The manager has to evaluate each alternative and select the
most viable proposition.
(ii)
Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities
§ Planning serves as the basis of coordinating the activities and
efforts of different divisions, departments and individuals.
This helps in avoiding confusion and misunderstanding.
§ Since planning ensures clarity in thought and action, work is
carried on smoothly without interruptions.
(iii)
Planning establishes standards for controlling.
§ Planning provides the goals or standards against which
actual performance is measured.
§ By comparing actual performance with some standard,
managers can know whether they have actually been able to
attain the goals. If there is any deviation it can be corrected.
Procedure:
§ It consists of routine steps on how to carry out activities. It
details the exact manner in which any work is to be
performed.
§ It specifies the steps in a chronological order.
Method
§ Method is the prescribed way or manner in which a task has
to be performed.
§ It deals with a task comprising one step of a procedure and
specifies how this step is to be performed.
Programme
§ Programme is a detailed statement about a project which
outlines the objectives, policies, procedures, rules, resources
required and the budget to implement any course of action.
§ Programmes will include the entire gamut of activities in
which the minutest details are worked out i.e., procedures,
rules, budgets, within the broad policy framework.
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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies past-paper question from the 2025 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.