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Business Studies · 2023 · 6 marks
CBSE 2023 · Region 5 · Set 2 · Q32
(a) Explain 'Strategy' and 'Programme' as type of plans.
(a)
Explain 'Strategy' and 'Programme' as type of plans.
OR
(b)
Explain the following as importance of planning function
of management:
(i)
Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities; and
(ii)
Planning reduces the risk of uncertainty.
Marking-scheme solution
Strategy
§ A strategy is a comprehensive plan for accomplishing an
organisation’s objectives taking business environment into
consideration.
§ It provides the broad contours of an organisation’s business. It
refers to future decisions defining the organisations direction and
scope in the long run.
§ Strategy as a comprehensive plan includes three dimensions, (i)
determining long term objectives, (ii) adopting a particular course
of action, and (iii) allocating resources necessary to achieve the
objective.
Programme
§ A programme is a detailed statement about a project which
outlines the objectives, policies, procedures, rules, tasks, human
and physical resources required and the budget to implement any
course of action.
§ The minutest details are worked out within a broad policy
framework.
§ Programmes will include the entire gamut of activities as well as
the organisation’s policy and how it will contribute to the overall
business plan.
Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities
§ Planning, by serving as the basis of coordinating the activities and
efforts of different divisions, departments and individuals, helps
in avoiding confusion and misunderstanding.
§ Since planning ensures clarity in thought and action, work is
carried on smoothly without interruptions.
§ Useless and redundant activities are minimised or eliminated, it is
easier to detect inefficiencies and take corrective measures to deal
with them.
Planning reduces the risks of uncertainty
§ Planning is an activity which enables a manager to look ahead and
anticipate changes.
§ By deciding in advance the tasks to be performed, planning shows
the way to deal with changes and uncertain events.
§ Changes or events cannot be eliminated but they can be
anticipated and managerial responses to them can be developed.
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CBSE Class 12 Business Studies past-paper question from the 2023 board exam, with the answer as CBSE’s own marking scheme gives it. Where our answers come from.