Question

How is Hardy-Weinberg expression (p^2+2 pq+q^2)=1 derived? List any two factors that disturb the genetic equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

(a) According to Hardy Weinberg principle – Sum total of all the Allelic frequencies in a population = 1. Let there be two alleles A and a in the population. Let their frequencies be ‘ p ’ and ‘ q ’ respectively. p + q = 1 The frequency of AA will be p^2 because - the probability that an allele A with frequency ‘ p ’ would appear on both the chromosomes of a diploid individual will be product of probabilities i.e. p^2. Similarly frequency of ‘a’ will be q^2, and Aa is 2pq Hence p² + 2pq + q² = 1 (b) Gene migration or Gene flow, Genetic drift, Mutation, Genetic Recombination, Natural selection (Any two factors)

(a)
How is Hardy-Weinberg expression $\displaystyle \left(\mathrm{p}^{2}+2 \mathrm{pq}+\mathrm{q}^{2}\right)=1$ derived ?
(b)
List any two factors that disturb the genetic equilibrium.

Marking-scheme solution

More from Evolution

(a)How is Hardy-Weinberg expression $\displaystyle \left(\mathrm{p}^{2}+2 \mathrm{pq}+\mathrm{q}^{2}\right)=1$ derived ? (b)List any two factors that disturb the genetic equilibrium.

Marking-scheme solution

More from Evolution

(a)
How is Hardy-Weinberg expression $\displaystyle \left(\mathrm{p}^{2}+2 \mathrm{pq}+\mathrm{q}^{2}\right)=1$ derived ?
(b)
List any two factors that disturb the genetic equilibrium.