"Ideas of national unity in early-nineteenth-century Europe were closely allied to the ideology of liberalism." Explain the statement.

(i) For the new middle classes liberalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law.

(ii) Politically, it emphasised the concept of government by consent.

(iii) Since the French Revolution, liberalism had stood for the end of autocracy and clerical privileges, a constitution and representative government through parliament.

(iv) Nineteenth-century liberals also stressed the inviolability of private property.

(v) Economically liberalism also stood for the freedom of markets.