(a) Analyse Gutenberg's contribution to printing in Europe.

(i) Gutenberg learnt the art of polishing stones, became a master goldsmith and also acquired the expertise to create lead moulds used for making trinkets.

(ii) Drawing on this knowledge, Gutenberg adopted existing technology to design his innovation.

(iii) The Olive press provided the model for printing-press and mould were used for casting the metal types for the letters of the alphabet.

(iv) Gutenberg perfected the system of printing.

(v) The first book printed by him was the Bible.

(vi) About $\displaystyle 180$ copies were printed in three years.

(vii) By the standards of the time this was fast production.

(b). “Printing is the ultimate gift of God and the greatest one.” Analyse the statement.

(i) Print created the possibility of wide circulation of ideas.

(ii) It introduced a new world of debate and discussion.

(iii) Print helped people to think differently.

(iv) Print brought about a new intellectual atmosphere and helped spread the new ideas that led to the reformation.

(v) The reformation led to a division within the church and to the beginning of the protestant reformation.