$2$Read the following text carefully :To ensure inclusive and quality education for all, the Indian government has launched several important schemes. These schemes aimed at improving access, equity and learning outcomes, especially among disadvantaged group.The Right to Education (RTE) Act, passed by the India Parliament on August $\displaystyle 4$, $\displaystyle 2009$, guarantees free and compulsory education to every child between $\displaystyle 6$-$\displaystyle 14$ years of age. It ensures that all children have access to education in neightbourhood schools, until they complete elementary education. Another key initiative is Sarva Siksha Abhiyan (SSA). It was introduced in 2001. It is one of India’s flagship programmes for the Universalisation of Elementary Education.Digital India Campaign, launched on July $\displaystyle 1$, $\displaystyle 2015$, focuses on transforming India into a digitally empowered society by improving mobile and internet connectivity, particularly in rural and remote regions. This initiative supports digital learning & access to educational resources. Through these initiatives, the government strives to create an equitable, accessible & quality driven educational environment for all children, laying a strong foundation for national development.On the basis of the given text and common understanding, answer the following questions :(i) Identify, which law guarantees free and compulsory education upto the age of $\displaystyle 14$ years. Explain, how does it help in enhancing access to education.(ii) In your opinion, how has the increase in public spending on education contributed to India’s social and economic transformation ? Support your answer with valid arguments.

Economics · Human Capital Formation in India