(A) How is energy a basic requirement for economic development? Explain. 5

i. Energy is required for all activities for example cooking, light, propelling vehicles, run machinery in industries, etc.

ii. Energy can be classified as conventional and non- conventional sources of energy.

iii. Energy is required for large scale manufacturing that is essential for economic development.

iv. Energy is also required for the development of small scale industries.

v. Energy is required to modernise agriculture and increase agricultural production.

vi. Examples of conventional sources of energy are firewood, cattle dung cake, coal, petroleum, natural gas, electricity (thermal) etc.

vii. Examples of non-conventional sources of energy are solar, wind, tidal, geo-thermal, biogas, etc.

(B) How are conventional sources of energy different from non- conventional sources? Explain.

i. Conventional sources of energy are exhaustible, non-conventional sources are renewable.

ii. Conventional sources of energy take a long time to form. Non- conventional forms of energy are readily available

iii. Conventional forms of energy are usually derived from fossil fuels. Non-conventional sources of energy are derived from sources like sun, wind and Earth.

iv. Conventional sources of energy are relatively cheaper. Non- Conventional energy sources are initially expensive but become cheaper in due course of time.

v. Non-conventional sources of energy are sustainable while Conventional sources of energy are not sustainable.

vi. Conventional sources of energy often cause air and water pollution. Non-conventional sources of energy cause less damage to the environment.

vii. Examples of Conventional sources of energy are firewood, petroleum, coal, natural gas etc. Examples of non- conventional energy sources are solar, tidal, wind, hydel power.