(a) Explain the social security benefits available in the organized sector.

(i) Organised sector covers those enterprises or places of work where the terms of employment are regular and therefore, people have assured work.

(ii) They are registered by the government and have to follow its rules and regulations which are given in various laws such as the Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, Shops and Establishments Act etc.

(iii) Workers in the organised sector enjoy security of employment.

(iv) They are expected to work only a fixed number of hours.

(v) If they work more, they have to be paid overtime by the employer.

(vi) They get paid leaves.

(vii) There is a provision for payment during holidays, provident fund, gratuity etc.

(viii) They are supposed to get medical benefits and, under the laws, the factory manager has to ensure facilities like drinking water and a safe working environment.

(ix) When they retire, these workers get pensions as well.

(x) Example- Railways, Post offices etc,

OR Explain how primary sector supports other sectors of the economy. 38.(b)

(i) Primary sector forms the base for all other sectors.

(ii) It provides raw materials for secondary sector.

(iii) It grows food for people working in industrial and service sectors.

(iv) Farmers buy many goods such as tractors, pump sets, pesticide and fertilisers and support the growth of industrial sector.

(v) Need for cold storage and processing of food etc, results in development of service sector.

(vi) People engaged in primary sector use electricity, transportation and communication services and support the development of service sector.

(vii) Mining activities provide minerals for the growth of industrial sector.