(a) "Energy is required for all activities." Justify the statement with suitable arguments.

(i) Energy is required for household activities such as cooking, lighting, heating etc. For example, Llectricity and solar energy are used in homes.

(ii) Energy is required for transportation. Vehicles need energy in form of petrol, diesel, electricity or other fuels.

(iii) Factories need energy to produce goods by operating machines.

(iv) Energy is required for communication devices like mobile phones, computers, television and internet.

(v) Energy is used in hospitals to run medical equipment, X-ray machines etc.

(vi) For construction work, cranes, drilling machines, mixers and other equipment require energy.

(vii) Schools, laboratories and universities use energy for lighting, computers, projectors etc.

(viii) Energy is used in entertainment industry such as in cinema halls, theatres, sports stadiums, gaming devices etc.

OR “India is fortunate to have fairly rich and varied mineral resources. 17.(b) However these are unevenly distributed.” Examine the statement.

(i) India has rich mineral resources which are found in various parts of the country.

(ii) Peninsular rocks contain most of the reserves of coal, metallic minerals, mica and many other non-metallic minerals.

(iii) Sedimentary rocks on the western and eastern flanks of the peninsula, in Gujarat and Assam have most of the petroleum deposits.

(iv) Rajasthan with the rock systems of the peninsula, has reserves of many non-ferrous minerals.

(v) The vast alluvial plains of north India are almost devoid of economic minerals.

(vi) These variations exist largely because of the differences in the geological structure, processes and time involved in the formation of minerals.